10 Perennial Groundcover Plants for Sun or Shade

Teacher, gardener, author, and painter, Nicolette is always following her heart and expanding her awareness.

Why Groundcovers?

Groundcovers are an important element in your landscape planning. They can cover a large area quickly, reduce the time and energy of weeding, and act as a living mulch. There are groundcovers that thrive in deep shade or on steep slopes where turf won't grow.

Many gardeners today are concerned about the long-term effects of maintaining a large lawn area, with the ensuing use of fertilizers and pesticides. Some of the groundcovers available from your local nursery can be used as a lawn alternative for small areas.

Perennials for Groundcovers

By selecting carefully and planting properly, perennial groundcovers can last for years. Perennial groundcovers range in height from an inch to four feet. They can be woody or herbaceous; clumping or running; evergreen or deciduous. They offer a broad array of colors and textures to choose from.

They can be used to define a space, to transition from plantings to turf, to fill an awkward corner, or to beautify difficult terrain. Some will fill in around pavers, making a more interesting path or patio.

10 Recommended Groundcovers: Flowers, Sedum, Shrubs, and More

1. Ajuga (Bugleweed)
2. Cerastuim (Snow-in-Summer)
3. Convallaria (Lily-of-the-Valley)
4. Helianthemum (Rock Rose)
5. Sedum (Stonecrop)
6. Thymus (Thyme)
7. Cotoneaster
8. Gaultheria (Wintergreen)
9. Hypericum (St. John's Wort)
10. Vinca (Periwinkle)

1. Ajuga

Ajuga (bugleweed) is used widely as a groundcover for part-shade or sunny areas.

It is fast spreading, with a mat of rounded leaves that sends out runners, rooting quickly. Many varieties are available, with spikes of flowers ranging from blue to pink.

Ajuga's leaves can be smooth or crinkled, deep red to bronze-purple to bright green, depending on the variety. Ajuga thrives in zones 3-9, so it can be used almost anywhere.

It works well to fill in around trees, or as a groundcover beneath shrubs. Because it is fast growing, it can become invasive.

2. Cerastuim

Cerastuim (snow-in-summer) is a low mat-forming and sun-loving plant, covered in spring with white flowers.

It is popular for rock gardens and walls, where it will drape elegantly over the rock. The greyish leafed Tomentosum variety can be a vigorous spreader, so its best use is as a groundcover on a sunny slope.

By shearing the clump after flowering you can keep it looking neat. It can grow in zones 2-9.

3. Convallaria

Convallaria (lily of the valley) has fragrant white bell-shaped flowers. It's a great cover for shady sites or under trees. It has spear-like attractive leaves that look great after the flowers have disappeared. This hardy plant spreads by underground runners or rhizomes, and can quickly fill a space.

All parts of the plant are poisonous, especially the red berries. Convallaria thrives in zones 1-9.

4. Helianthemum

Helianthemum (rock rose) are versatile evergreen creepers, forming a mat of green or silvery leaves. The flowers are like small roses, and bloom for much of the summer.

It's an excellent choice for a sunny spot, for edgings, rock gardens or containers. Moderately drought tolerant, it thrives in zones 4-9 as long as it has good drainage, especially in winter.

Tiny Oregon stonecrop grows on rocky ground; little soil is required.

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5. Sedum

Sedum (stonecrop) are fleshy and hardy succulents, suited to sunny rock gardens or for covering steep slopes.

There are a great number of varieties of sedum, from low mat-forming types to taller cultivars that are more upright in habit. Many of the low-growing or dwarf types have vigorous growth, and can smother out other rock garden plants.

Why not use them as a lawn substitute, where traffic is low? The varieties are too many to mention, so research and choose carefully if choosing sedums as a ground cover.

6. Thymus

Thymus (thyme) can be bushy or mat-forming, deep green or variegated, mossy or wooly.

All the varieties have aromatic leaves and short spikes of flowers. Creeping varieties make a great groundcover or lawn substitute in small areas.

All thymes prefer a sunny warm location, and can tolerate some drought. It thrives in zones 4-9.

7. Cotoneaster

Cotoneaster is a fast-growing creeping shrub, that makes an excellent cover on steep slopes. It's leathery leaves are evergreen in milder areas. White spring flowers are followed by attractive bunches of bright red berries that remain over winter. It grows in zones 5-9.

8. Gaultheria

Gaultheria (wintergreen) is a lovely native North American shrub that loves acidic peaty soil. It has glossy dark green leaves, pink bell-shaped flowers and red berries. It makes a good groundcover beneath acid loving rhododendrons, and spreads by underground rhizomes to form a dense mat. It thrives in zones 4-9.

9. Hypericum

Hypericum (St John's Wort) This groundcover grows to a height of 18 inches, with bright green leaves forming a dense patch. It's tolerant of poor soil, and is fairly drought -tolerant. Large golden flowers appear in summer and into fall. Evergreen in zones 7-9, it can be grown in zones 5-9.

10. Vinca

Vinca (periwinkle) is a low mat-forming plant with long stems that root as they touch the ground. The most common evergreen variety has periwinkle-blue flowers that appear in early spring. This is a shade-tolerant plant that will burn in full sun. It thrives even in dry shade. Other varieties have variegated leaves, white flowers, or wine-red flowers. It works well on slopes, in shady areas where grass won't grow, or under trees. It thrives in zones 3-9.

This content is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge and is not meant to substitute for formal and individualized advice from a qualified professional.

© 2009 Nicolette Goff

Comments

RTalloni on May 18, 2011:

Am glad to be reminded of stonecrop. Would you like some of my ajua? :)

Would like to link this to my St. John's Wort hub if you have no objection. Thanks!

Nicolette Goff (author) from British Columbia on May 20, 2009:

Thanks for reading, Peggy and C.S.

Love the Ajuga - now in full bloom.

C.S.Alexis from NW Indiana on May 19, 2009:

Sedum is soooo, my favorites!

Peggy Woods from Houston, Texas on May 18, 2009:

Terrific hub with great accompanying photos. I just transplanted some thinned out areas of ajuga today into new areas.